NEUROSCIENCE OF DELAYED GRATIFICATION

The neuroscience of delayed gratification: how our brains help us look forward to the holidays and a better post-pandemic future.

By Dr Samantha J. Brooks Ph.D.


In the current climate of pandemic, where lockdowns and limits to our everyday freedoms have become the new-normal, we have had to quickly learn how to delay our gratification.  This means putting off the possibility of enjoying life’s pleasures in the immediate present, in favour of rewards in the future.  The ability of our brain to look to a brighter future has never been more important.  As we look forward to the fun and festivities of the holiday season, it’s good to think about how our brain enables this very human quality of being able to see into our future by planning ahead.  So how do our brains do it, and what happens when it doesn’t do this so well?

Delayed gratification – also known as temporal discounting or delay discounting – is a process seemingly unique to the human brain.  It involves a psychological skill called working memory – the ability to hold in mind thoughts about the future while ignoring immediate distractions.  It can also be thought of as our ability to imagine things that don’t yet exist, but things that we are looking forward to.  Applying this unique psychological skill to the clear and present danger of the COVID-19 pandemic can usefully help us not to get depressed about losing some of our past freedoms – to visit family and friends, to enjoy going to the shops without a mask, large social get-togethers.  It pays to focus on the future, while washing our hands, socially distancing and wearing our masks, because the pandemic won’t be here forever.  And labs all across the world are creating vaccines that may mean that next year’s holiday season is almost back to normal again. Doesn’t the possibility of a future without pandemic feel good?

The feel-good factor stems from dopamine release in subcortical regions of the brain responsible for motivation and reward.  So, the more we imagine a positive future, the better we feel and the more motivated we are to achieve it, because our brain is literally being bathed in dopamine as it squirts out from the ventral tegmental area when we think positively. 

The aspects of liking and wanting something are also associated with dopamine, in a subcortical area called the nucleus accumbens, which may have had reduced functioning over the past lockdown periods.  But when we think about the future we like and want, dopamine travels along white matter tracts and is received by areas of the prefrontal cortex – particularly the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex – which allows us to hold in mind an image of that better future.  It’s the same process experienced when keeping in mind the images evoked when reading an enjoyable book.  These mental images can remain in mind for a delayed period of time and help us to shape the future we want.  

When this subcortical dopamine process is too excessive and we cannot exercise restraint over immediate rewards, or if we cannot put off the desire for life to return to normal now, we may experience impulsive behaviours in the present.  For example, the curbs on everyday life experienced during lockdown have been an extremely negative situation for many, with many limits to life enduring post-lockdown to prevent a second wave in South Africa.  There is a motivation to release the tension caused by these frustrating, negative situations, as we see when people become aggressive or break the law.  But the skill is to exercise this unique, human power of being able to imagine a better future, which will ultimately strengthen the cortical and subcortical brain pathways that enable us to cope with uncertainty, however long it lasts.

So, as we approach a slightly different holiday season this year, we must remember to exercise our brain’s working memory processes, so that we will not only feel good in the now, but we will feel good again in the post-pandemic world – and learn that we don’t really need to buy so much toilet paper!  Happy Holidays Harfielders! 

Dr Samantha Brooks is a UK neuroscientist in Harfield Village, specialising in the neural correlates of impulse control from eating disorders to addiction.  For more information you can contact Samantha at: drsamanthabrooks.com 

Click to read all previous articles by Dr Samantha J. Brooks Ph.D.


GIFT YOURSELF WITH HEALTH THIS FESTIVE SEASON

Give yourself the gift of health this festive season. 

Steam sauna ozone stimulates white blood cells, preventing infections and immune deficiencies by destroying fungi, bacteria, candida and viruses.

The humidity of the steam sauna creates a perfect environment to open your pores, helping your body absorb the ozone which carries oxygen to your cells. The heat of the sauna improves circulation and increases your metabolism, giving you a good sweat. 

In a 20 to 30 minute session you will oxygenate your body and brain, relax and rejuvenate whilst eliminating toxins and boosting your immune system.   You will continue to detox for 24 to 48 hours post treatment, so drinking good quality water before and after a session assists the process. For the best benefits and a general pharmacological change 8 to 12 sessions are required. 

We are offering a great festive season special R3199 for 10 sessions (usually R3999) SAVE R800.  

Our WhatsApp lines are always open.  To book at the Claremont Chiropractic Health Centre, 4 Oak Road, Claremont contact Carmen on +27 829217813.

TOY COLLECTION DRIVE

We would like to encourage all residents to take part in the toy collection drive on Saturday 05th December. Fidelity ADT Western Cape in partnership with Harfield Village CID will be hosting this community event. 

Toys can be dropped off between 10h00 and 14h00 in Hampstead Community Park on the corner of Hampstead Road and 3rd Avenue, Claremont.  

A balloon twister together with some coffee and confectionery will be available. All Covid-19 protocols will be adhered to. 

The donations received will be handed over to Goedgedacht Trust. This organisation seeks to transform rural communities, by offering the most recent generation of children the opportunity to become healthy, self- confident, educated young people able to take up leadership roles in their own communities.  

We look forward to seeing you there.


APPLYING FOR A BOND - BEST FINANCIAL DECISION YOU WILL MAKE

 Now more than ever, applying for a bond to own a home may be the best financial decision you make. 

Buying a home is often described as one of the most significant decisions you will ever make, not only financially but also emotionally. Paying off a bond is a long-term commitment that can be daunting at the best of times, and is now even more so as South Africa grapples with an economic recession in the midst of a global pandemic.

But notwithstanding the massive economic impact of COVID-19, there is no denying that it has also helped create an ideal lending environment for buyers who would otherwise have been unable to consider property as an investment.

Five successive repo rate cuts since January has led to the significant drop in the prime lending rate, from 10% to its current historic low of 7%. As a result, property is now more accessible, meaning that more South Africans - many of whom would otherwise have been unable to qualify for a bond - will now be able to afford their own home. The implications of being able to invest in a tangible asset, and use this as economic leverage to perhaps buy a larger property or have access to funds to start a business and improve one’s standard of living, are far-reaching.

Affordability is a massive challenge for many home buyers, especially those who have never owned property before. The current lending environment, coupled with the raising of the transfer duty threshold in February to R1 million, has stimulated the first-home buyer market, with BetterBond’s applications from first-home buyers in July up to 70% year-on-year. BetterBond’s data shows that the average monthly household income of first-home buyer applicants is close to R40 000. So, buyers with an individual (or combined) income of this amount, and with a maximum bond repayment of R12 000 and an interest rate of Prime at 7% over 20 years, are now able to afford a home valued at close to R1.6 million - almost R305 000 more than would have been possible at the start of the year when the interest rate was at 10%.

Although affordability has vastly improved for consumers, it is also important for them to assess their finances carefully as well as their overall budget and ensure they don’t over-extend themselves and perhaps buy slightly below their maximum affordability to allow for inflation and interest rate increases in the future.

With the current lending environment, buyers are able to not only gain that all-important foothold on the property ladder, they are also more likely to be in a financial position to sell the first property to buy a larger home, or move to a new area. For many, this will be the lifeline they need to improve their financial stability.

House prices may have dropped in some areas - especially at the upper end of the market where price correction was already a factor even before the pandemic - but there are signs of growth, particularly in the lower and middle price ranges, and property remains a sound investment. Furthermore, given the cyclical nature of the property market, these buyers could be selling their properties for considerably more than they initially paid when the market rebounds.

In July BetterBond achieved record application numbers in its 20-year history with the number of bond applications increasing by 51% year-on-year. This can no longer be attributed to pent-up demand created during lockdown. It is a direct result of the low-lending environment and the banks’ appetite to provide finance, and suggests a significant shift in buyer confidence at a time when there is widespread uncertainty.

Furthermore, it is expected that, given the recent modest repo rate cut of just 0,25% in July, and the SARB’s own forecasts into 2021 and 2022, we can look forward to sustained low interest rates. So, while the aftershocks of the pandemic will undoubtedly be felt for some time, we are in the fortunate position that interest rates have improved enough to motivate more first home buyers to own property.

Anne-Marie Bamber is Norgarb Properties dedicated Home Loans Consultant. She has over 15 years’ experience in assisting clients with their Home Loan needs and has placed many happy families in their dream homes.

Contact her today for no cost stress-free home-buying.
Anne-Marie Bamber
Home Loans consultant
Tel: +27 (0)21 851 3568 | Fax: +27 (0)21 441 1494 | Cell: +27 (0)82 071 1665
E-mail: anne-marie.bamber@betterlife.co.za









DECEMBER IN THE GARDEN

 

It's already December - how did that happen!? I don't think anyone will be sad to see the back-end of 2020.

 Even though Spring has been hot-and-cold with us, as we head into Summer, temperatures are overall climbing, but it's not nearly as hot yet as it's been in previous years at this time. So it's a great time to get growing, and the plant list is a long one this month. 

December's plant list: 

Amaranth, Basil, Bush and Climbing beans, Beetroot, Butternut, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Carrot, Chard, Cape Gooseberry, Celery, Chives, Chilli, Cucumber, Eggplant, Kale, Kohlrabi, Ginger, Globe Artichoke, Leek, Leaf Mustard, Lettuce, Jerusalem artichokes, Onion, Parsnip, Parsley, Peas, Potato, Pumpkin, Radish, Rhubarb, Sweetcorn, Sweet pepper, Sweet potato, Turnip, Tomato, Watercress, Watermelon, Zucchini. Don't forget all the herbs, perfect for those Summer salads and Christmas meals!

Happy planting!

POPI IS FOR BIG BUSINESSES TO WORRY ABOUT

 

We regularly consult with business owners who, when considering their compliance responsibilities, react thereto in love-hate terms. On the one hand, there is a positive response where compliance is constructively applied to the business’ own day-to-day running procedures and management. On the other hand, it appears less rosy where it is presented as a must-do red tape exercise, with a threat of financially damaging penalties for non-compliance imposed by government.   

Fortunately, compliance with POPI is neither of the above and we will illustrate this in our information messages this month by debunking the following myths:

  1. POPI is actually for big businesses to worry about, not so much the smaller ones
  2. POPI is an “IT” thing
  3. One-size-fits-all bundles are OK to achieve POPI compliance
  4. POPI is unnecessary red tape and another way for government to get at businesses
The Protection of Personal Information Act (POPI or POPIA), in the most simple terms, sets out ways in which businesses must deal with personal information that they hold. This includes personal details of their employees, as well as the personal details of their customers, clients and service providers, whether the customers and clients are individuals or other businesses/entities.

No matter the size of your business operation, you will hold (i
.e., record) details of your customers, employees and third parties that provide services to you, online or on paper. As such you should now commence steps to make sure the information is safeguarded as required by POPIA, to be compliant when the Act becomes enforceable in July 2021. Our Blog post this later this week will elaborate on this aspect in detail. Sign up here to receive this blog post series. 

Contact us should you have enquiries or need information on your compliance journey at 
LaurenS@stbb.co.za.